Classroom Percussion Instruments Australia

What are Percussion Instruments?

Percussion instruments are a class of musical instruments that produce sound by being struck, shaken, or scraped. They are an integral part of many musical styles and genres, ranging from classical and orchestral music to jazz, rock, and world music. Percussion instruments are typically categorised into two main types: pitched percussion and unpitched percussion.

1. Pitched Percussion: These instruments produce definite pitches or musical notes.

   a. Examples of pitched percussion instruments include:

   • Timpani (kettle drums): Large drums with a range of pitches that are tuned by tightening or loosening the drumheads.
   • Xylophone: A wooden instrument with tuned metal bars that are struck with mallets.
   • Marimba: Similar to the xylophone, but with larger resonators under the bars for a richer sound.
   • Vibraphone: A metal instrument with tuned bars that have a vibrato effect created by rotating discs.
   • Glockenspiel: A smaller version of the xylophone, often used in orchestras and marching bands.
   • Celesta: A keyboard instrument with metal plates struck by hammers, producing a bell-like sound.

2. Unpitched Percussion: These instruments do not produce specific pitches and are used for rhythm and texture.

   a. Examples of unpitched percussion instruments include:

   • Snare drum: A drum with a series of tightly stretched wires (snares) on the bottom head.
   • Bass drum: A large drum played with a foot pedal, producing low, booming sounds.
   • Cymbals: Metallic plates that are clashed together to create crashing sounds.
   • Triangle: A triangular metal instrument that is struck with a metal beater.
   • Tambourine: A handheld instrument with metal jingles that is shaken or struck.
   • Bongos: A pair of small, open-ended drums that are played with the hands.
   • Congas: Tall, narrow drums played with the hands, originating from Afro-Cuban music.
   • Djembe: A rope-tuned drum from West Africa, played with bare hands.

These examples represent just a small fraction of the vast array of percussion instruments found across different cultures and musical traditions. Percussion instruments add rhythmic complexity, texture, and dynamics to music, and they can be found in ensembles ranging from symphony orchestras to marching bands, jazz combos, and rock bands.

What styles of music are Percussion Instruments good for?

Percussion instruments are versatile and can be found in various styles of music. Their rhythmic nature makes them well-suited for creating complex rhythms, adding texture, and enhancing the overall musical experience. Here are some styles of music where percussion instruments play a prominent role:

1. Orchestral and Classical Music: Percussion instruments are integral to orchestras, providing rhythmic support and adding colour and impact to compositions. They are used in symphonies, concertos, and chamber music. Composers like Igor Stravinsky and Maurice Ravel have created iconic percussion-driven pieces.

2. Jazz: Percussion instruments, including drums, cymbals, and various handheld percussion, form the backbone of jazz music. They provide the rhythmic foundation, improvisational support, and accentuate syncopation. Jazz drummers like Art Blakey and Max Roach are renowned for their innovative percussion work.

3. Latin and Afro-Cuban Music: Percussion is at the heart of Latin and Afro-Cuban music styles such as salsa, samba, rumba, and Afro-Cuban jazz. Instruments like congas, bongos, timbales, and cowbells create intricate rhythms and contribute to the infectious energy of these genres.

4. World Music: Percussion instruments are fundamental in various world music traditions. For example, the djembe from West Africa, tabla from India, taiko drums from Japan, and doumbek from the Middle East all play significant roles in their respective cultural music.

5. Rock and Pop Music: Drum kits, which are a combination of different percussion instruments, form the rhythmic foundation of rock and pop music. Percussion elements such as tambourines, shakers, and hand claps are often used to add texture and enhance grooves in these genres.

6. Marching Bands: Percussion instruments, particularly drums and cymbals, are essential in marching bands, providing cadence, rhythmic drive, and accents to synchronise the movement of the band.

7. Electronic and Experimental Music: Percussion instruments are also extensively used in electronic and experimental music genres. Drum machines, samplers, and synthesised percussion sounds are used to create unique rhythms and textures in these styles.

It's important to note that the role and prominence of percussion instruments can vary within different musical genres and compositions. They can range from providing a strong rhythmic foundation to being featured in virtuosic solos or creating atmospheric effects. 

What famous artists use Percussion Instruments?

There are numerous famous artists across various musical genres who have showcased percussion instruments in their music. Here are some notable examples:

1. Neil Peart: The late Neil Peart, drummer for the rock band Rush, is widely regarded as one of the greatest drummers in rock music history. His intricate and technically demanding drumming style incorporated a wide range of percussion instruments, including drum kits, tympani, cowbells, chimes, and electronic percussion.

2. Sheila E.: Sheila E. is a renowned percussionist and drummer known for her work in pop, R&B, and jazz genres. She has collaborated with artists such as Prince, Herbie Hancock, and Lionel Richie, showcasing her exceptional skills on instruments like congas, timbales, and drum kits.

3. Airto Moreira: Airto Moreira is a Brazilian percussionist who has made significant contributions to jazz and world music. He has collaborated with artists like Miles Davis, Weather Report, and Chick Corea, incorporating various Brazilian percussion instruments like berimbau, cuíca, and pandeiro into his performances.

4. Evelyn Glennie: Evelyn Glennie is a Scottish percussionist who is profoundly deaf. She has achieved international acclaim for her virtuosity and performances with major orchestras. Glennie's repertoire includes a wide range of percussion instruments, and she is known for her ability to bring out unique tonal colours and textures from each instrument.

5. Tito Puente: Tito Puente, often referred to as the "King of Latin Music," was a highly influential percussionist, bandleader, and composer in the realm of Latin jazz and salsa. His lively performances on timbales and vibraphone propelled him to international recognition, and he left a lasting impact on Latin music.

6. Zakir Hussain: Zakir Hussain is an Indian tabla player and percussionist known for his mastery of the tabla, a pair of Indian hand drums. He has collaborated with a wide range of musicians and has been instrumental in popularising Indian classical music globally. Hussain's rhythmic prowess and improvisational skills on the tabla have earned him immense respect.

These artists represent just a fraction of the many talented percussionists and drummers who have made significant contributions to the world of music. Percussion instruments play a vital role in the music of countless other renowned artists and bands, across genres such as jazz, rock, world music, and more.

When were Percussion Instruments invented?

Percussion instruments are among the oldest musical instruments known to humanity, and their history dates back thousands of years. The exact origins of percussion instruments are difficult to pinpoint, as they were likely developed independently in different cultures throughout history. Here are some general periods and significant milestones in the development of percussion instruments:

1. Prehistoric Era: Percussion instruments made from natural materials such as stones, shells, bones, and wood were likely used by early humans for rhythmic expression and rituals. Examples include hand-clapping, drumming on hollowed-out logs, and striking rocks together.

2. Ancient Civilisations: In ancient civilisations such as Mesopotamia, Egypt, China, India, and the Americas, percussion instruments became more sophisticated. Drums made from clay, animal skins, or metal were used, along with various handheld percussion instruments like rattles, bells, and cymbals. These instruments played essential roles in religious ceremonies, military events, and cultural celebrations.

3. Classical Antiquity: During the Classical period in ancient Greece and Rome, percussion instruments played a vital role in military music and theatrical performances. Instruments such as tympani (early forms of timpani), cymbals, and castanets were used.

4. Medieval and Renaissance Periods: Around the 13th Century and 14th Century percussion instruments continued to evolve during the Middle Ages and Renaissance eras. Drums, bells for their harmonic functions, cymbals, and tambourines were commonly used in both sacred and secular music. The emergence of keyboard percussion instruments, such as the carillon and celesta, also occurred during this time.

5. Baroque and Classical Periods: In the 17th Century and 18th Century, orchestras and instruments percussionists began to include specialised percussion instruments, such as timpani, snare drums, and tambourines, as integral components of orchestral compositions. Composers like Johann Sebastian Bach and Ludwig van Beethoven incorporated percussion instruments into their works.

6. 19th Century and Beyond: The Industrial Revolution and advancements in instrument manufacturing techniques led to the development of new percussion instruments. This period saw the introduction of instruments like the xylophone, marimba, vibraphone, and various types of drums with pedal mechanisms. Percussion sections in orchestras expanded, and percussion ensembles emerged as standalone performing groups.

Throughout the 20th century and beyond, percussion instruments continued to evolve and expand in their roles within different musical genres, including jazz from latin America, rock, and world music. New materials, technologies, and playing techniques have contributed to the diverse range of percussion instruments available today.

It's important to note that the development of percussion instruments occurred across different cultures and regions simultaneously, often with unique regional variations and innovations. 

What brands of Percussion Instruments are there?

 The world of percussion instruments includes various brands that offer a wide range of options for musicians. Here are some brands associated with the percussion family:

1. AMS (American Music and Sound): AMS is a distributor of musical instruments and equipment, representing multiple brands, including LP and CPK.

2. BOOMWHACKER: Boomwhackers are colourful, tuned percussion tubes that are popular in music education and recreational settings. Boomwhacker is both a brand name and a specific type of instrument.

3. CPK: CPK Percussion is a brand known for producing percussion instruments, including drums, cajons, hand percussion, and accessories.

4. LP (Latin Percussion): LP is a renowned brand specialising in percussion instruments with a focus on Latin and Afro-Cuban sounds. They offer a wide range of instruments, including congas, bongos, timbales, shakers, and more.

5. Mano Percussion: Mano Percussion is a brand that offers affordable percussion instruments, including drums, cajons, hand percussion, and accessories.

6. Pearl: Pearl is a well-known brand primarily recognised for its drum kits, hardware, and accessories. They manufacture a wide range of percussion instruments for various musical genres.

7. Powerbeat: Powerbeat is a brand that produces percussion instruments, such as drums, cymbals, and accessories, catering to beginners and intermediate-level players.

8. Remo: Remo is a renowned brand specialising in drumheads, drum shells, percussion instruments, and accessories. They offer a wide range of products for professional musicians and enthusiasts.

9. Toca: Toca Percussion is a brand that focuses on hand percussion instruments, including djembes, congas, bongos, cajons, and other percussion accessories.

10. Trophy: Trophy is a brand known for offering percussion instruments and accessories, particularly in the educational and beginner market.

It's important to note that this is not an exhaustive list, and there are many other reputable brands in the percussion industry. Each brand often specialises in specific types of instruments and has its own unique characteristics, quality standards, and product offerings. Musicians can explore different brands to find instruments that suit their preferences and musical needs. 

What are the different types of Percussion Instruments and features?

Here are the different types of percussion instruments you mentioned, along with their features and characteristics:

1. Agogos: Agogos are a type of bell or idiophone instrument consisting of multiple tuned metal bells attached to a handle or frame. They are played by striking the bells with a mallet or by clashing them together. Agogos produce bright, bell-like tones and are commonly used in Latin and African music.

2. Bongos: Bongos are a pair of small, open-ended drums that are played with the hands. They consist of a smaller drum (macho) and a larger drum (hembra). Bongos are typically made of wood or fiberglass shells with animal skin or synthetic drumheads. They produce high-pitched, percussive sounds and are commonly used in Latin, Afro-Cuban, and jazz music.

3. Boomwhackers: Boomwhackers are tuned percussion tubes made of plastic, each producing a different pitch when struck against a surface or hit together. They are color-coded based on their pitch, making them accessible and popular for music education and recreational use. Boomwhackers are lightweight and easy to play, allowing for group performances and creative arrangements.

4. Cajons: Cajons are box-shaped percussion instruments that originated in Peru. They are played by sitting on the instrument and striking its front surface with the hands or drumsticks. Cajons typically have a snare system inside that adds a buzzing or rattling sound to the bass tones. They are versatile and commonly used in flamenco, Latin, and acoustic music.

5. Castanets: Castanets are small, handheld percussion instruments made of two concave shells connected by a string. They are played by holding one in each hand and rapidly clicking them together. Castanets produce a distinct clicking sound and are often associated with Spanish flamenco and classical music.

6. Claves: Claves are percussion instruments made of two wooden sticks of the same length. They are struck together to produce sharp, rhythmic sounds. Claves are commonly used in Afro-Cuban, Latin, and jazz music, and they provide a fundamental rhythmical foundation.

7. Congas: Congas are tall, narrow drums played with the hands. They originated from Afro-Cuban music and are used in various Latin, jazz, and popular music styles. Congas have a distinctive deep sound and are typically made of wood or fiberglass.

8. Darbuka: The darbuka is a goblet-shaped drum commonly found in Middle Eastern music. It has a single head and is played with the hands, producing rich and resonant tones. The darbuka is often used in traditional and contemporary Middle Eastern, Turkish, and Mediterranean music.

9. Didgeridoo: The didgeridoo is a wind instrument originating from Indigenous Australian cultures. It is a long, tubular instrument traditionally made from eucalyptus wood. The player produces sound by vibrating their lips into the instrument while simultaneously using circular breathing techniques. The didgeridoo creates deep, resonant drone sounds.

10. Eggs: Percussion eggs are small handheld shakers or maracas shaped like eggs. They produce a gentle shaker sound and are commonly used in various musical styles and children's music.

11. Guiros: Guiros are percussion instruments made from hollowed-out gourds, wood, or fiberglass. They have ridges or notches on the surface that are scraped with a stick or scraper, producing a raspy sound. Guiros are prevalent in Latin American, Caribbean, and Latin jazz music.

12. Ocean Drum: An ocean drum is a frame drum filled with metal beads, with a transparent drumhead on one side. When tilted or shaken, the beads roll, creating a sound reminiscent of ocean waves. The ocean drum is often used in sound therapy, relaxation music, and world music.

13. Rainmakers: Rainmakers are tube-shaped instruments filled with small beads or seeds. When turned or tilted, the beads or seeds cascade down, producing a sound like falling rain. Rainmakers are used in various musical contexts, including relaxation music and sound effects.

14. Remo Kids: Remo Kids is a brand that offers a range of percussion instruments designed for children. These instruments are typically smaller in size, lightweight, and durable, making them suitable for young musicians to explore rhythm and music.

15. Shakers: Shakers are handheld percussion instruments that produce sound when shaken. They come in various shapes, sizes, and materials, such as plastic or wooden shells filled with beads, seeds, or other small objects. Shakers add rhythmic texture and provide a continuous shaking sound to music.

16. Tambourines: Tambourines consist of a circular frame with small metal jingles (zils) attached around the perimeter. They are played by shaking, striking the frame, or using the hand to create rhythms. Tambourines add a bright, jingling sound to various music genres and are commonly associated with folk, rock, and pop music.

17. Triangles: Triangles are a simple percussion instrument made of a metal rod bent into a triangle shape. They are played by striking the rod with a metal beater. Triangles produce a high-pitched, shimmering sound and are often used in orchestras, marching bands, and classical compositions.

18. Vibra Slap: The vibra slap is a percussion instrument consisting of a metal chamber with metal rods inside. It is played by striking the chamber, causing the rods to vibrate against it, producing a unique rattling sound. The vibra slap is often used in various genres, including Latin, pop, and funk.

19. Wood Block: Wood blocks are solid blocks of wood with a hollowed-out resonating chamber. They are struck with a mallet or drumstick, producing a sharp, resonant sound. Wood blocks are commonly used in orchestras, marching bands, and various musical styles.

Each of these percussion instruments offers distinctive sounds, textures, and playing techniques, making them suitable for different musical contexts, genres, and personal preferences. 

Do Percussion Instruments take long to learn to play? 

The time it takes to learn to play percussion instruments can vary depending on several factors, including the complexity of the instrument, the individual's musical background and aptitude, and the amount of time and effort dedicated to practice. Here are a few points to consider:

1. Basic Rhythmic Skills: Percussion instruments often require a solid foundation in rhythm and timing. Developing a sense of timing, coordination, and the ability to maintain a steady beat is crucial. Some individuals may naturally have a good sense of rhythm, while others may need to spend more time developing these skills.

2. Instrument Complexity: Percussion instruments can range from relatively straightforward instruments like shakers or tambourines to more complex instruments like drum kits, congas, or marimbas. Instruments with a simpler design may be easier to grasp initially, while instruments requiring more advanced techniques or coordination may take longer to master.

3. Musical Background: If you have prior musical experience or knowledge, it can provide a helpful foundation when learning percussion instruments. Familiarity with concepts such as rhythm notation, musical terminology, and basic music theory can expedite the learning process.

4. Practice and Dedication: Like any musical instrument, learning percussion requires regular practice and dedication. Consistent practice, focused on technique, rhythm exercises, and repertoire, is essential for progress. The more time and effort invested in practice, the faster you are likely to develop proficiency.

5. Instruction and Guidance: Having access to quality instruction can greatly impact your learning journey. Working with a percussion teacher or taking lessons can provide guidance, feedback, and structured learning. A skilled instructor can help you develop proper technique, offer personalised advice, and introduce you to various styles and genres.

It's important to approach learning percussion instruments with patience and a positive mindset. Everyone learns at their own pace, and progress may vary. Celebrate small achievements along the way and enjoy the process of learning and exploring the instrument. With consistent practice, dedication, and a passion for music, you can gradually develop proficiency and proficiency in playing percussion instruments. 

What do Percussion Instruments cost?

The cost of percussion instruments can vary significantly depending on various factors such as the type of instrument, brand, quality, materials used, and whether it is designed for beginners or professionals. Here's a general overview of the price range for different types of percussion instruments:

1. Beginner/Student Instruments: Entry-level or student percussion instruments, designed for beginners or casual players, are often more affordable. For example:

   • Shakers, tambourines, and small handheld percussion instruments: $10 to $50.
   • Boomwhackers: Sets of tuned tubes can range from $20 to $100.
   • Basic drum practice pads or starter drum kits: $100 to $500.
   • Cajons: Entry-level models can range from $100 to $300.

2. Intermediate/Professional Instruments: As you progress and seek higher-quality instruments, the prices tend to increase. Here are some examples:

   • Djembes: Intermediate to professional-level models can range from $200 to $800 or more, depending on the materials and craftsmanship.
   • Congas and bongos: Quality sets can range from $300 to $1,500 or more, depending on the brand and materials used.
   • Drum kits: Intermediate to professional drum kits can range from $500 to several thousand dollars, depending on the brand, size, and quality.
   • Vibraphones and marimbas: Professional-level instruments can range from several thousand dollars to tens of thousands of dollars.

3. Specialty Instruments: Certain percussion instruments, such as custom-made or specialty instruments, may have higher price tags due to their uniqueness, craftsmanship, or rarity. These can range from several hundred to several thousand dollars, or even more, depending on the instrument and its specifications.

It's important to note that these price ranges are approximate and can vary significantly based on brand, materials, craftsmanship, and market factors. Additionally, accessories, such as stands, cases, and additional percussion hardware, may incur additional costs.

When purchasing percussion instruments, it's advisable to research different brands, read reviews, and consult with music professionals or experienced musicians to ensure you find the right balance of quality and affordability within your budget.

How many types of percussion instruments are there?

There is an extensive variety of percussion instruments available across different cultures and musical traditions. While it is challenging to provide an exhaustive list, here are some major categories and types of percussion instruments:

1. Membranophones: Instruments that produce sound through the vibration of a stretched membrane (drumhead). Examples include drums, timpani, and tambourines.

2. Idiophones: Instruments that produce sound through the vibration of the entire instrument itself. Examples include cymbals, triangles, and xylophones.

3. Chordophones: Instruments that produce sound by vibrating strings stretched across a resonating body. Examples include hammered dulcimers and musical bows.

4. Aerophones: Instruments that produce sound by vibrating air columns. While typically associated with wind instruments, some aerophones like the bullroarer and the siren are considered percussion instruments.

5. Shaken/Scraped Instruments: Instruments that produce sound by shaking or scraping. Examples include maracas, rainsticks, güiros, and shekeres.

6. Hand Drums: Instruments that are played by striking or slapping the drumhead with hands or fingers. Examples include congas, bongos, and djembes.

7. Mallet Instruments: Instruments that are played with mallets or beaters. Examples include xylophones, marimbas, vibraphones, and glockenspiels.

8. Auxiliary Percussion: Miscellaneous percussion instruments that add specific sounds and effects to a musical composition. Examples include cowbells, claves, wood blocks, and tambourines.

9. Electronic Percussion: Electronic instruments that produce percussive sounds electronically, such as electronic drum kits, drum machines, and samplers.

10. World Percussion: Various percussion instruments specific to different cultural traditions, such as the tabla from India, the darbuka from the Middle East, the djembe from West Africa, and the taiko drums from Japan.

It's important to note that within each category, there are numerous subcategories and variations. Percussion instruments come in different shapes, sizes, materials, and playing techniques, resulting in a diverse and rich array of sounds. The world of percussion instruments is vast and continuously evolving as new instruments and hybrid instruments are developed.

Where do I buy Percussion Instruments in Australia? 

In Australia, you have various options for purchasing percussion instruments, and we'd love to help you here at Coleman's Music Store Melbourne CBD: Coleman's Music Store is a well-known music store located in Melbourne CBD. We offer a wide range of musical instruments, including percussion instruments. You can visit our store anytime to explore the available options and make a purchase in person.

Or checkout our online shopping which provides convenience and access to a broader range of options. if you're still not sure, just give us a call on (03) 9799 5400 with any questions, we’re always happy to help!